Markov Decision Process Based Design of SWIPT Systems: Non-Linear EH Circuits, Memory, and Impedance Mismatch

In this paper, we study simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) systems employing practical non-linear energy harvester (EH) circuits. Since the voltage across reactive elements of realistic EH circuits cannot drop or rise instantaneously, EHs have memory which model with a Markov decision process (MDP). Moreover, since an analytical that accurately models all effects unavoidable impedance mismatch is not tractable, propose learning based for circuit. We optimize input signal distribution maximization harvested under constraint on minimum mutual between transmitter (TX) receiver (IR). distinguish cases where MDP state known at TX IR. When known, formulated optimization problem convex. contrast, if IR do know state, resulting non-convex solved via alternating optimization, shown to yield limit point problem. Our simulation results reveal rate-power region considered SWIPT system depends symbol duration, level, mismatch, type particular, shorter duration enables higher bit rates expense significant decrease in average power. Furthermore, whereas half-wave rectifiers outperform full-wave low medium regimes, are preferable high.